This report was co-authored by Ana Estefanía Carballo, Antonia Settle, Pilar Acosta, Roman Davas-Fahey, Ferdian Yazid, Hasina Valéry Ramaherison, Ines Castresana, Tamika Halwiindi, and Zanele Fengu. We appreciate the research support and feedback provided by Clancy Moore, Rebecca Mackinnon, Hansika Bhagani, James Bowen, and Gvantsa Gverditselli.
Every effort has been made to verify the accuracy of the information contained in this report. All information was believed to be correct as of February 2025. Nevertheless, Transparency International Australia cannot accept responsibility for the consequences of its use for other purposes or in other contexts.
This report was written as part of Transparency International’s Accountable Mining Programme, which receives support from the Anglo American Foundation. The research, language, views, conclusions and strategies outlined in this document have been created by Transparency International and Transparency International Australia and are not necessarily endorsed by the Anglo American Foundation.
